[{"text": "Read the passage and answer to the questions (11-15):If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation-conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity is increased since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme of course white crystals of salt would be left behind: this by the way is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained. The opposite of evaporation is precipitation such as rain by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff. Normally in tropical regions where the Sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas. A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice, When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water. In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of the oceans of the world.

", "type": "text_block", "database_type": "", "university": "", "year": "", "unit": "", "shift": "", "subject": "", "chapter": "", "topic": ""}, {"question": "What does the passage mainly discuss?", "mark": 1.0, "answer": "one", "explanation": "", "options": [{"option": "The bodies of water of the world", "answer": false}, {"option": "The elements of salt", "answer": false}, {"option": "The many forms of ocean water", "answer": false}, {"option": "The salinity of ocean water", "answer": true}], "type": "question", "database_type": "qb", "university": "ju", "year": "2020-21", "unit": "b", "shift": "2", "subject": "e-b", "chapter": "e-40", "topic": "", "title": "What does the passage mainly discuss?", "full_question": "What does the passage mainly discuss?

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"}, {"question": "According to the passage, the ocean generally has more salt in\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0", "mark": 1.0, "answer": "one", "explanation": "", "options": [{"option": "Costal areas", "answer": false}, {"option": "Tropical areas", "answer": true}, {"option": "Rainy areas", "answer": false}, {"option": "Turbulent areas", "answer": false}], "type": "question", "database_type": "qb", "university": "ju", "year": "2020-21", "unit": "b", "shift": "2", "subject": "e-b", "chapter": "e-40", "topic": "", "title": "According to the passage, the ocean generally has more salt in\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0", "full_question": "According to the passage, the ocean generally has more salt in\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0

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"}, {"question": "All of the following are processes that decrease salinity EXCEPT", "mark": 1.0, "answer": "one", "explanation": "", "options": [{"option": "Evaporation\u00a0", "answer": true}, {"option": "Precipitation", "answer": false}, {"option": "Runoff", "answer": false}, {"option": "Melting\u00a0", "answer": false}], "type": "question", "database_type": "qb", "university": "ju", "year": "2020-21", "unit": "b", "shift": "2", "subject": "e-b", "chapter": "e-40", "topic": "", "title": "All of the following are processes that decrease salinity EXCEPT", "full_question": "All of the following are processes that decrease salinity EXCEPT

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"}, {"question": "Which of the following is NOT a result of the formation of ocean ice?", "mark": 1.0, "answer": "one", "explanation": "", "options": [{"option": "The salt remains in the water", "answer": false}, {"option": "The surrounding water sinks\u00a0", "answer": false}, {"option": "Water salinity decreases\u00a0", "answer": true}, {"option": "The water becomes denser\u00a0", "answer": false}], "type": "question", "database_type": "qb", "university": "ju", "year": "2020-21", "unit": "b", "shift": "2", "subject": "e-b", "chapter": "e-40", "topic": "", "title": "Which of the following is NOT a result of the formation of ocean ice?", "full_question": "Which of the following is NOT a result of the formation of ocean ice?

[E-40,\u00a0JU-B₂ : 2020-21]

"}, {"question": "What can be inferred about the water near the bottom of oceans?", "mark": 1.0, "answer": "one", "explanation": "", "options": [{"option": "It is relatively warm\u00a0", "answer": false}, {"option": "Its salinity is relatively high\u00a0", "answer": true}, {"option": "It does not move", "answer": false}, {"option": "It is formed by melting sea ice\u00a0", "answer": false}], "type": "question", "database_type": "qb", "university": "ju", "year": "2020-21", "unit": "b", "shift": "2", "subject": "e-b", "chapter": "e-40", "topic": "", "title": "What can be inferred about the water near the bottom of oceans?", "full_question": "What can be inferred about the water near the bottom of oceans?

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"}]